Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC)

Table 9: Ethnicity of complainants in 2024/25

Read more about Table 9: Ethnicity of complainants in 2024/25

Ethnicity	N	%
White	49,979	57
Black	3,951	5
Asian	5,479	6
Mixed	1,962	2
Other	827	1
Prefer not to say	7,533	9
Not stated	16,030	18
Unknown	1,557	2
Total	87,318	100

Complainants are only counted once in this table regardless of how many complaints they have made throughout the year.

Table 8: Gender of complainants in 2024/25

Read more about Table 8: Gender of complainants in 2024/25

Gender	N	%
Female	35,907	41
Male	42,717	49
Other	255	0
Prefer not to say	2,204	3
Unknown	6,235	7
Total	87,318	100

Complainants are only counted once in this table regardless of how many complaints they have made throughout the year.

Table 7: Number of allegations logged - what has been complained about and subcategories in 2024/25

Read more about Table 7: Number of allegations logged - what has been complained about and subcategories in 2024/25

Allegation category	Allegation subcategory	N	% of total allegations logged
Delivery of duties and service	Police action following contact	37,667	22
	Decisions	13,479	8
	General level of service	29,691	18
	Information	10,515	6
	No subcategory recorded	4	0
	Error in subcategories	4	0

Police powers, policies and procedures	Stops, and stop and search	1,790	1
	Searches of premises and seizure of property	4,603	3
	Power to arrest and detain	6,460	4
	Detention in police custody	5,122	3
	Bail, identification and interview procedures	2,122	1
	Use of force	8,826	5
	Evidential procedures	2,631	2
	Out of court disposals	540	0
	Other policies and procedures	3,735	2
	No subcategory recorded	2	0
	Error in subcategories	3	0

Handling of or damage to property / premises	Handling of or damage to property/ premises	5,555	3
	No subcategory recorded	127	0
	Error in subcategories	8	0

Access and/or disclosure of information	Use of police systems	245	0
	Disclosure of information	2,349	1
	Handling of information	789	0
	Accessing and handling of information from other sources	133	0
	Error in subcategories	2	0

Use of police vehicles	Use of police vehicles	1,639	1
	No subcategory recorded	51	0
	Error in subcategories*	76	0

Discriminatory behaviour	Age	73	0
	Disability	911	1
	Gender reassignment	56	0
	Marriage and civil partnership	2	0
	Pregnancy and maternity	4	0
	Race	2,335	1
	Religion or belief	127	0
	Sex	769	0
	Sexual orientation	134	0
	Other	421	0

Abuse of position / corruption	Abuse of position for financial purpose	70	0
	Abuse of position for sexual purpose	80	0
	Abuse of position for the purpose of pursuing an inappropriate emotional relationship	23	0
	Abuse of position for other purpose	481	0
	Obstruction of justice	688	0
	Organisational corruption	272	0

Individual behaviours	Unprofessional attitude and disrespect	5,808	3
	Lack of fairness and impartiality	2,807	2
	Overbearing or harassing behaviours	3,415	2
	Impolite language / tone	5,352	3
	Impolite and intolerant actions	3,098	2
	No subcategory recorded	1	0

Sexual conduct	Sexual assault	290	0
	Sexual harassment	48	0
	Other sexual conduct	66	0

Discreditable conduct	Discreditable conduct	1,028	1
Discreditable conduct	No subcategory recorded	3	0

Other	Other	1,716	1

Total allegations		168,246	100

The number of allegations logged presented in this table are only those with a category recorded. Therefore they may not match the actual number of allegations logged presented in Table 5.

*The erroneous categorisation in 'Use of police vehicles' is a typographical error only and can be conisdered valid to the category.

Table 6: Number of allegations logged - what has been complained about in 2024/25

Read more about Table 6: Number of allegations logged - what has been complained about in 2024/25


Police force	Delivery of duties and service	Police powers, policies and procedures	Handling of or damage to property / premises	Access and/or disclosure of information	Use of police vehicles	Discriminatory behaviour	Abuse of position / corruption	Individual behaviours	Sexual conduct	Discreditable conduct	Other	Grand total
Avon & Somerset	3,274	1,024	210	99	82	247	167	895	31	42	4	6,075
Bedfordshire	944	382	55	41	14	79	3	218	1	7	12	1,756
British Transport	417	407	31	17	12	28	0	148	11	7	14	1,092
Cambridgeshire	904	493	48	38	21	77	5	352	4	1	4	1,947
Cheshire	1,332	732	103	72	38	76	57	459	4	3	1	2,877
City of London (with Action Fraud)	528	73	21	10	5	20	3	48	0	1	4	713
Cleveland	1,526	667	240	64	54	19	10	558	1	35	13	3,187
Cumbria	831	431	129	39	28	57	19	317	8	34	2	1,895
Derbyshire	2,435	972	80	58	44	62	65	530	7	34	37	4,324
Devon & Cornwall	2,049	704	73	56	34	65	73	383	13	32	27	3,509
Dorset	1,057	388	119	101	27	49	39	398	7	6	25	2,216
Durham	886	410	89	33	24	16	2	182	1	8	3	1,654
Dyfed-Powys	608	224	33	25	16	19	8	133	1	10	4	1,081
Essex	3,227	1,113	214	109	59	264	55	1,028	21	15	28	6,133
Gloucestershire	1,245	435	76	47	49	32	23	214	1	8	49	2,179
Greater Manchester	7,736	3,711	701	250	91	552	114	2,441	53	104	33	15,786
Gwent	636	163	33	8	7	7	5	150	0	7	6	1,022
Hampshire	2,582	1,362	190	162	94	95	19	599	6	26	21	5,156
Hertfordshire	1,527	514	114	43	29	75	4	412	0	10	0	2,728
Humberside	1,676	611	52	101	31	17	11	243	4	7	104	2,857
Kent	3,566	1,467	147	150	32	201	86	706	17	49	30	6,451
Lancashire	2,373	1,069	115	116	35	122	55	468	10	17	65	4,445
Leicestershire	1,539	586	125	72	30	108	31	467	3	3	12	2,976
Lincolnshire	1,166	511	43	47	22	31	16	195	1	9	8	2,049
Merseyside	1,350	712	202	77	56	46	24	360	2	15	39	2,883
Metropolitan	15,453	4,058	480	313	177	646	80	1,003	62	135	383	22,790
Norfolk	476	347	35	11	2	50	23	236	5	1	0	1,186
North Wales	445	249	18	29	7	20	14	178	13	30	64	1,067
North Yorkshire	679	380	38	40	38	26	13	171	5	30	42	1,462
Northamptonshire	1,177	455	54	65	17	56	30	252	4	5	2	2,117
Northumbria	2,824	1,272	272	242	85	143	33	1,081	4	5	260	6,221
Nottinghamshire	1,887	678	102	42	33	84	44	394	8	21	29	3,322
South Wales	2,710	1,033	223	125	84	229	130	1,126	11	41	21	5,733
South Yorkshire	1,960	718	68	59	19	85	52	389	8	29	14	3,401
Staffordshire	1,703	649	107	58	30	41	11	441	9	12	27	3,088
Suffolk	403	259	25	27	4	52	29	189	0	1	0	989
Surrey	1,905	1,083	227	188	70	124	31	509	11	49	73	4,270
Sussex	2,219	944	107	60	20	137	24	469	10	55	114	4,159
Thames Valley	3,098	1,219	147	103	59	199	51	392	7	15	35	5,325
Warwickshire	598	179	21	31	19	25	7	161	0	6	19	1,066
West Mercia	1,275	455	113	33	28	44	6	248	4	14	9	2,229
West Midlands	3,667	1,266	144	87	45	169	83	642	14	46	54	6,217
West Yorkshire	2,547	930	188	128	51	263	46	368	14	28	21	4,584
Wiltshire	920	499	78	42	44	75	13	328	8	18	4	2,029
Total	91,360	35,834	5,690	3,518	1,766	4,832	1,614	20,481	404	1,031	1,716	168,246
% of Grand Total	54	21	3	2	1	3	1	12	0	1	1	100

*The number of allegations logged presented in this table are only those with a category recorded. Therefore they may not match the actual number of allegations logged presented in Table 5.

Table 5: Number of allegations logged in 2024/25

Read more about Table 5: Number of allegations logged in 2024/25


Police force	Number of allegations	Number of employees*	Allegations per 1,000 employees
Avon & Somerset	6,075	6,657	913
Bedfordshire	1,756	2,745	640
British Transport	1,092	4,952	221
Cambridgeshire	1,947	2,809	693
Cheshire	2,877	4,192	686
City of London (with Action Fraud)	713	1,606	444
Cleveland	3,187	2,534	1,258
Cumbria	1,895	2,178	870
Derbyshire	4,324	3,948	1,095
Devon & Cornwall	3,509	6,843	513
Dorset	2,216	2,901	764
Durham	1,654	2,525	655
Dyfed-Powys	1,081	2,247	481
Essex	6,133	6,393	959
Gloucestershire	2,179	2,739	796
Greater Manchester	15,786	13,042	1,210
Gwent	1,022	2,596	394
Hampshire	5,156	6,294	819
Hertfordshire	2,728	4,461	612
Humberside	2,857	3,933	726
Kent	6,451	6,999	922
Lancashire	4,445	6,291	707
Leicestershire	2,976	4,246	701
Lincolnshire	2,049	2,382	860
Merseyside	2,883	7,062	408
Metropolitan	22,790	48,760	467
Norfolk	1,186	3,480	341
North Wales	1,067	3,152	339
North Yorkshire	1,462	3,127	468
Northamptonshire	2,117	2,757	768
Northumbria	6,221	6,044	1,029
Nottinghamshire	3,324	4,098	811
South Wales	5,733	6,733	851
South Yorkshire	3,401	5,561	612
Staffordshire	3,089	3,817	809
Suffolk	989	2,597	381
Surrey	4,270	4,397	971
Sussex	4,159	5,898	705
Thames Valley	5,325	9,470	562
Warwickshire	1,066	2,049	520
West Mercia	2,229	4,480	498
West Midlands	6,217	12,512	497
West Yorkshire	4,584	10,782	425
Wiltshire	2,029	2,578	787
Total	168,249	254,867	660

The figures for City of London include allegations logged in relation to ‘Action Fraud’. Action Fraud is the UK’s national reporting centre for fraud and cybercrime. The service is run by the City of London Police, which is the national policing lead for economic crime.

*'Number of employees' is taken from the Home Office publication Police Workforce, England and Wales, 31 March 2024.

Table 4: Reasons complaint cases recorded under Schedule 3 in 2024/25

Read more about Table 4: Reasons complaint cases recorded under Schedule 3 in 2024/25


Police force	Nature of allegation(s)		Body responsible for initial handling decides		Complainant wishes the complaint to be recorded		Dissatisfaction after initial handling		Total recorded under Schedule 3
Police force	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Avon & Somerset	580	45	339	26	217	17	146	11	1,282
Bedfordshire	103	41	34	14	39	16	74	30	250
British Transport	137	51	13	5	15	6	104	39	269
Cambridgeshire	122	33	59	16	61	17	127	34	369
Cheshire	188	19	332	34	181	18	283	29	984
City of London (with Action Fraud)	9	17	20	38	3	6	20	38	52
Cleveland	11	3	12	4	90	26	227	67	340
Cumbria	62	34	62	34	8	4	48	27	180
Derbyshire	128	14	596	63	136	14	83	9	943
Devon & Cornwall	97	10	858	86	25	2	22	2	1,002
Dorset	259	38	311	46	78	12	29	4	677
Durham	48	37	2	2	13	10	66	51	129
Dyfed-Powys	41	11	233	62	80	21	21	6	375
Essex	558	35	515	32	300	19	230	14	1,603
Gloucestershire	141	31	263	58	23	5	26	6	453
Greater Manchester	283	15	967	51	369	19	287	15	1,906
Gwent	9	7	6	5	100	79	12	9	127
Hampshire	41	10	171	42	54	13	138	34	404
Hertfordshire	144	37	85	22	32	8	131	33	392
Humberside	42	10	149	37	104	26	108	27	403
Kent	450	34	631	47	6	0	246	18	1,333
Lancashire	201	31	135	21	268	41	48	7	652
Leicestershire	270	24	816	73	2	0	31	3	1,119
Lincolnshire	18	2	79	8	236	24	637	66	970
Merseyside	12	7	32	19	31	19	91	55	166
Metropolitan	309	9	2,501	70	550	15	204	6	3,564
Norfolk	86	30	117	40	51	18	35	12	289
North Wales	78	33	69	29	63	27	26	11	236
North Yorkshire	6	3	71	38	99	53	11	6	187
Northamptonshire	84	24	97	27	66	18	110	31	357
Northumbria	418	73		0	116	20	35	6	569
Nottinghamshire	102	24	51	12	44	10	236	55	433
South Wales	352	16	40	2	1,860	82	4	0	2,256
South Yorkshire	156	25	311	49	129	20	40	6	636
Staffordshire	188	35	183	34	22	4	142	27	535
Suffolk	57	24	111	47	35	15	34	14	237
Surrey	68	11	128	20	294	46	152	24	642
Sussex	56	5	779	73	102	10	128	12	1,065
Thames Valley	301	18	1,003	61	158	10	185	11	1,647
Warwickshire	21	14	73	47	18	12	42	27	154
West Mercia	2	1	140	53	67	25	56	21	265
West Midlands	459	52	184	21	118	13	129	14	890
West Yorkshire	807	58	57	4	148	11	385	28	1,397
Wiltshire	89	21	196	45	54	12	94	22	433
Total	7,593	24	12,831	40	6,465	20	5,283	16	32,172

Table 3: Time taken to log complaints and contact complainants in 2024/25 (customer perspective)

Read more about Table 3: Time taken to log complaints and contact complainants in 2024/25 (customer perspective)


Police force	Average days to log complaints	Average days to contact complainants
Action Fraud	6	4
Avon & Somerset	5	9
Bedfordshire	4	2
British Transport	2	2
Cambridgeshire	5	5
Cheshire	2	2
City of London (with Action Fraud)	6	4
Cleveland	1	1
Cumbria	3	3
Derbyshire	4	6
Devon & Cornwall	89	80
Dorset	6	6
Durham	1	1
Dyfed-Powys	6	7
Essex	3	8
Gloucestershire	7	35
Greater Manchester	4	5
Gwent	51	26
Hampshire	1	2
Hertfordshire	2	2
Humberside	1	1
Kent	5	5
Lancashire	0	3
Leicestershire	2	2
Lincolnshire	10	2
Merseyside	2	17
Metropolitan	7	6
Norfolk	2	7
North Wales	2	3
North Yorkshire	63	56
Northamptonshire	2	1
Northumbria	10	17
Nottinghamshire	7	6
South Wales	10	10
South Yorkshire	17	11
Staffordshire	6	8
Suffolk	2	7
Surrey	2	5
Sussex	15	16
Thames Valley	2	3
Warwickshire	1	1
West Mercia	2	4
West Midlands	2	21
West Yorkshire	4	7
Wiltshire	4	4
Total	7	9

Table 2: Number of complaint cases logged per 1,000 employees in 2024/25

Read more about Table 2: Number of complaint cases logged per 1,000 employees in 2024/25


Police force	Number of complaint cases	Number of employees*	Complaint cases per 1,000 employees
Avon & Somerset	2,835	6,657	426
Bedfordshire	1,111	2,745	405
British Transport	811	4,952	164
Cambridgeshire	1,141	2,809	406
Cheshire	1,691	4,192	403
City of London (with Action Fraud)	570	1,606	348
Cleveland	2,109	2,534	832
Cumbria	1,117	2,178	513
Derbyshire	1,801	3,948	456
Devon & Cornwall	1,354	6,843	198
Dorset	1,325	2,901	457
Durham	960	2,525	380
Dyfed-Powys	893	2,247	397
Essex	3,163	6,393	495
Gloucestershire	1,474	2,739	538
Greater Manchester	6,664	13,042	511
Gwent	624	2,596	240
Hampshire	3,752	6,294	596
Hertfordshire	1,474	4,461	330
Humberside	1,682	3,933	428
Kent	3,480	6,999	497
Lancashire	1,998	6,291	318
Leicestershire	1,537	4,246	362
Lincolnshire	1,263	2,382	530
Merseyside	2,293	7,062	325
Metropolitan	12,039	48,760	247
Norfolk	380	3,480	109
North Wales	568	3,152	180
North Yorkshire	1,174	3,127	375
Northamptonshire	1,158	2,757	420
Northumbria	3,300	6,044	546
Nottinghamshire	1,708	4,098	417
South Wales	2,934	6,733	436
South Yorkshire	1,406	5,561	253
Staffordshire	1,811	3,817	474
Suffolk	320	2,597	123
Surrey	2,648	4,397	602
Sussex	2,258	5,898	383
Thames Valley	4,017	9,470	424
Warwickshire	942	2,049	460
West Mercia	1,922	4,480	429
West Midlands	4,130	12,512	330
West Yorkshire	3,772	10,782	350
Wiltshire	1,331	2,578	516
Total	94,940	254,867	373

*'Number of employees' is taken from the Home Office publication Police Workforce, England and Wales, 31 March 2024.

Table 1: Number of complaint cases logged in 2024/25

Read more about Table 1: Number of complaint cases logged in 2024/25


Police force	Complaint cases logged
Avon & Somerset	2,835
Bedfordshire	1,111
British Transport	811
Cambridgeshire	1,141
Cheshire	1,691
City of London (with Action Fraud)	570
Cleveland	2,109
Cumbria	1,117
Derbyshire	1,801
Devon & Cornwall	1,354
Dorset	1,325
Durham	960
Dyfed-Powys	893
Essex	3,163
Gloucestershire	1,474
Greater Manchester	6,664
Gwent	624
Hampshire	3,752
Hertfordshire	1,474
Humberside	1,682
Kent	3,480
Lancashire	1,998
Leicestershire	1,537
Lincolnshire	1,263
Merseyside	2,293
Metropolitan	12,039
Norfolk	380
North Wales	568
North Yorkshire	1,174
Northamptonshire	1,158
Northumbria	3,300
Nottinghamshire	1,708
South Wales	2,934
South Yorkshire	1,406
Staffordshire	1,811
Suffolk	320
Surrey	2,648
Sussex	2,258
Thames Valley	4,017
Warwickshire	942
West Mercia	1,922
West Midlands	4,130
West Yorkshire	3,772
Wiltshire	1,331
Total	94,940

The figures for City of London include complaint cases logged in relation to ‘Action Fraud’. Action Fraud is the UK’s national reporting centre for fraud and cybercrime. The service is run by the City of London Police, which is the national policing lead for economic crime. Further details on these two organisations separately is available via the IOPC website.

The names of those who were unlawfully killed

Read more about The names of those who were unlawfully killed

Adam Edward Spearritt, 14 years old
Alan Johnston, 29
Alan McGlone, 28
Andrew Devine, 55 (22 at the time of the disaster)
Anthony David Bland, 22 (18 at the time of the disaster)
Anthony Peter Kelly, 29
Arthur Horrocks, 41
Barry Glover, 27
Barry Sidney Bennett, 26
Brian Christopher Matthews, 38
Carl Brown, 18
Carl Darren Hewitt, 17
Carl David Lewis, 18
Carl William Rimmer, 21
Christine Anne Jones, 27
Christopher Barry Devonside, 18
Christopher Edwards, 29
Christopher James Traynor, 26
Colin Andrew Hugh William Sefton, 23
Colin Mark Ashcroft, 19
Colin Wafer, 19
David George Rimmer, 38
David Hawley, 39
David John Benson, 22
David Leonard Thomas, 23
David Steven Brown, 25
David William Birtle, 22
David William Mather, 19
Derrick George Godwin, 24
Eric George Hughes, 42
Eric Hankin, 33
Francis Joseph McAllister, 27
Gary Christopher Church, 19
Gary Collins, 22
Gary Harrison, 27
Gary Philip Jones, 18
Gerard Bernard Patrick Baron, 67
Gordon Rodney Horn, 20
Graham John Roberts, 24
Graham John Wright, 17
Henry Charles Rogers, 17
Ian David Whelan, 19
Ian Thomas Glover, 20
Inger Shah, 38
James Gary Aspinall, 18
James Philip Delaney, 19
James Robert Hennessy, 29
John Alfred Anderson, 62
John McBrien, 18
Jonathon Owens, 18
Jon-Paul Gilhooley, 10
Joseph Clark, 29
Joseph Daniel McCarthy, 21
Keith McGrath, 17
Kester Roger Marcus Ball, 16
Kevin Daniel Williams, 15
Kevin Tyrrell, 15
Lee Nicol, 14
Marian Hazel McCabe, 21
Martin Kenneth Wild, 29
Martin Kevin Traynor, 16
Michael David Kelly, 38
Nicholas Michael Hewitt, 16
Nicholas Peter Joynes, 27
Patrick John Thompson, 35
Paul Anthony Hewitson, 26
Paul Brian Murray, 14
Paul Clark, 18
Paul David Brady, 21
Paul William Carlile, 19
Paula Ann Smith, 26
Peter Andrew Burkett, 24
Peter Andrew Harrison, 15
Peter Francis Tootle, 21
Peter McDonnell, 21
Peter Reuben Thompson, 30
Philip Hammond, 14
Philip John Steele, 15
Raymond Thomas Chapman, 50
Richard Jones, 25
Roy Harry Hamilton, 34
Sarah Louise Hicks, 19
Simon Bell, 17
Stephen Francis Harrison, 31
Stephen Francis O'Neill, 17
Stephen Paul Copoc, 20
Steven Joseph Robinson, 17
Stuart Paul William Thompson, 17
Thomas Anthony Howard, 14
Thomas Howard, 39
Thomas Steven Fox, 21
Tracey Elizabeth Cox, 23
Victoria Jane Hicks, 15
Vincent Michael Fitzsimmons, 34
William Roy Pemberton, 23

At the request of family members, some names have not been included in this list.

Subscribe to